Back to browsingToday in History · October 4, 1957
The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, marking the beginning of the Space Age.
Sputnik 1 was a small metal sphere with four antennas that transmitted radio signals from orbit. It circled Earth in approximately 96 minutes.
The satellite intensified Cold War competition and spurred changes in American science and education, including the establishment of NASA in 1958.
Stauffenberg’s bomb explodes at the Wolf’s Lair — but the Führer survives, and the coup collapses by nightfall.
British expeditions photograph stars near the eclipsed Sun and confirm general relativity.
Fire tears through Paris’s great cathedral, toppling the spire and destroying the medieval roof.
Nicholas II abdicates amid revolution, ending three centuries of Romanov rule over Russia.
The Lateran Treaty ends a sixty-year standoff between Italy and the papacy, creating the world’s smallest independent state.
A fire in a Pudding Lane bakery spreads across the medieval City of London.
The United States drops the first atomic bomb used in war on the Japanese city of Hiroshima.
Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin set foot on the lunar surface.
After 27 years in prison, Mandela is released, signalling the end of apartheid in South Africa.
Soviet troops reach Auschwitz-Birkenau, revealing the scale of the largest Nazi death camp.
Parisian women march to the royal palace demanding bread, changing the course of the French Revolution.
The Jazz Singer premieres in New York, helping usher in the age of synchronized sound in motion pictures.
The Holy League and the Ottoman fleet clash in the Gulf of Patras in one of history’s largest galley battles.
A fire on the city’s southwest side spreads across Chicago. In its wake, a new metropolis will rise from the ashes.
The revolutionary is executed in Bolivia, becoming one of the most enduring—and contested—symbols of the twentieth century.
East Germany opens its border crossings, and Berliners begin tearing down the wall.
Orville and Wilbur Wright fly their Flyer at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
A Taliban gunman attacks the schoolgirl campaigning for girls’ education; she survives and wins the Nobel Peace Prize.
Yang Liwei orbits the Earth aboard Shenzhou 5, making China the third nation to launch a human into space on its own.
